https://classicalchopped2.artinterp.org/omeka/files/original/7a8597b0ab6bdfb8e0415c70e177657d.jpg dc36030ffad94c67a1fb815dc42cfbc6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Aged Marcus Aurelius Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Roman imperial Antonine, c. 180 CE Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource unknown Medium The material or physical carrier of the resource. marble Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived House of the Vestals, Roman Forum, Rome, Italy Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Museo Nazionale delle Terme, Rome, Italy Description An account of the resource Description: Statue is a life-sized bust (only head is original) of the philosopher-emperor. Marcus is wearing the full beard that features in all his adult imperial portraits. The hair is thick and curly, swept up from his forehead. There is slight hint of a "widow's peak" at the crown. The expression is sombre, with downcast, fully incised eyes and heavy eyelids The forehead is lined and overall face appears middle-aged. Significance: This portrait bust conforms to "Type 4" of the bearded mature Marcus Aurleius. It marks a return to Roman verism, which excelled at purely mimetic depictions of old age, but with added psychological depth. The age of the portrait appears to match the age of Marcus Aurelius at the time (around 59 years old). The downcast look and unfocused gaze gives the subject an introspective, almost haunted expression that is outstanding in Roman portrait sculpture. Here is a definitive portrait of Marcus Aurlieus as "philosopher king"--the stoic sage contemplating the future of the state from the vantage point of his advanced years and philospical detachment. References A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource. Bouzek, Jan. "Artistic and Literary Portraits as Expressions of Changing State of Mind," Roman Portraits Artistic and Literary Acts of the Third International Conference on the Roman Portrait, Verlag Philipp von Zabern, 1989, pp. 101-103. Fittschen, Klaus and Paul Zanker. Katalog der romischen Portrats in den Capitolischen Museen und den anderen kommunalen Sammlungen der Stadt Rom. Band 1, Verlag Philipp von Zabern, 1985, pp. 68-72. Kleiner, Diana. Roman Sculpture, Yale University Press, 1992, pp.271-3. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Mark Weadon Provenance A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource. Marcus Aurelius (b. 121 d. 180 CE) was co-emperor of Rome, with Lucius Verus, from 160-169 CE, and sole emperor from 169-180 CE, succeeding his adoptive father, Antoninus Pius. He was also a philosopher of some renown, writing the Meditations, a statement of his Stoic philosophy. Marcus Aurelius died of natural causes on a military campaign against Germanic tribes, and was succeeded as emperor by his son Commodus. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 35cm tall (estimated)